Paper Exposure:
In order to turn the film negative into a paper image, an enlarger is used.
(Common Parts To Enlarger.)
Film is put into the negative carrier, and light is shined through the film onto a silver halide and light sensitive paper below. Depending on how high up the negative is from the paper can change the size of the image below. The light-sensitive paper has a very similar surface to film.
Paper Processing:
The paper processing is very similar to film processing, with reactions that are identical. The processing is done in a dark room so that the paper is not further exposed to light after the original exposure before it is put in the fixer.